Fifty Shades of Capitalism: Pain and Bondage in the American Workplace
By Lynn Parramore, a contributing editor at Alternet.
If the ghost of Ayn Rand were to suddenly manifest in your
local bookstore, the Dominatrix of Capitalism would certainly get a thrill
thumbing through the pages of E.L. James’ blockbuster Fifty Shades of Grey.
Rand, whose own novels bristle with sadomasochist sexy-time
and praise for the male hero’s pursuit of domination, would instantly approve
of Christian Grey, the handsome young billionaire CEO who bends the universe to
his will.
IngĂ©nue Anastasia Steele stumbles into his world — literally
— when she trips into his sleek Seattle office for an interview for the college
paper. When she calls him a “control freak,” the god-like tycoon purrs as if he
has received a compliment.
“’Oh, I exercise control in all things, Miss Steele,’ he
says without a trace of humor in his smile. ‘I employ over forty thousand
people…That gives me a certain responsibility – power, if you will.’”
She will. Quivering with trepidation, Anastasia signs a
contract to become Christian’s submissive sex partner. Reeled in by his
fantastic wealth, panty-sopping charm, and less-than-convincing promise that
the exchange will be to her ultimate benefit, she surrenders herself to his
arbitrary rules on what to eat, what to wear, and above all, how to please him
sexually. Which frequently involves getting handcuffed and spanked.
“Discipline,” as Christian likes to say.
Quoting industrial tycoon Andrew Carnegie, Christian
justifies his proclivities like an acolyte of Randian Superman ideology: “A man
who acquires the ability to take possession of his own mind may take possession
of anything else to which he is justly entitled.” (Rand’s worship of the
Superman obliged to nothing but his intellect is well-known and imbued with
dark passions; she once expressed her admiration for a child murderer’s credo,
"What is good for me is right," as "the best and strongest
expression of a real man's psychology I have heard” in a 1928 diary.)
Christian Grey, our kinky CEO, started his literary life as
a vampire when Erika Leonard, the woman behind the pseudonym “E.L. James,”
published the first version of her novel episodically on a Twilight fan site,
basing the story on the relationship between Stephenie Meyers’ love couple
Edward Cullen and Bella Swan. It was later reworked and released in its current
form. Gone was Edward the vampire, replaced by Christian the corporate
slave-master.
Drunk on the intoxicants of wealth and power, Fifty Shades
of Grey hints at a sinister cultural shift that is unfolding in its pages
before our eyes. The innocent Anastasias will no longer merely have their
lifeblood slowly drained by capitalist predators. They’re going to be whipped,
humiliated and forced to wear a butt-plug. The vampire in the night has given
way to the dominating overlord of a hierarchical, sadomasochistic world in
which everybody without money is a helpless submissive.
Welcome to late-stage capitalism.
Invisible Handcuffs
This has been coming for some time. Ever since the Reagan
era, from the factory to the office tower, the American workplace has been
morphing for many into a tightly-managed torture chamber of exploitation and
domination. Bosses strut about making stupid commands. Employees trapped by
ridiculous bureaucratic procedures censor themselves for fear of getting a pink
slip. Inefficiencies are everywhere. Bad management and draconian policies prop
up the system of command and control where the boss is God and the workers are
so many expendable units in the great capitalist machine. The iron handmaidens
of high unemployment and economic inequality keep the show going.
How did this happen? Economists known as “free-market
fundamentalists” who claim Adam Smith as their forefather like to paint a
picture of the economy as a voluntary system magically guided by an “invisible
hand” toward outcomes that are good for most people. They tell us that our
economy is a system of equal exchanges between workers and employers in which
everybody who does her part is respected and comes out ahead.
Something has obviously gone horribly wrong with the
contract. Thieving CEOs get mega-yachts while hard-working Americans get
stagnant wages, crappy healthcare, climate change, and unrelenting insecurity.
Human potential is wasted, initiative punished and creativity starved.
Much of the evil stems from the fact that free-market
economists who still dominate the Ivy League and the policy circles have
focused on markets at the expense of those inconvenient encumbrances known as
"people." Their fancy mathematical models make calculations about
buying and selling, but they tend to leave out one important thing: production.
In other words, they don't give a hoot about the labor of those who sustain the
economy. Their perverted religion may have something to say about unemployment or
wages – keeping the former high and the latter low — but the conditions workers
face receive nary a footnote.
Michael Perelman, one of a small group of heretical
economists who question this anti-human regime, draws attention to the neglect,
abuse and domination of workers in his aptly named book, The Invisible
Handcuffs: How Market Tyranny Stifles the Economy by Stunting Workers. He
reveals that instead of a system of fair exchanges, we have “one in which the
interests of employees and employers are sharply at odds.” This creates
conditions of festering conflict and employers who have to take ever-stronger
measures to exert control. Hostility among workers thrives, which results in
more punishment. Respect, the free flow of information, inclusive decision-making
– all the things that would make for a productive work environment — fly out
the window. The word of the manager is the law, and endless time and energy is
expended rationalizing its essential goodness.
Americans are supposed to be people who love freedom above
everything else. But where is the citizen less free than in the typical
workplace? Workers are denied bathroom breaks. They cannot leave to care for a
sick child. Downtime and vacations are a joke. Some – just ask who picked your
tomatoes – have been reduced to slave-like conditions. In the current climate
of more than three years of unemployment over 8 percent, the longest stretch
since the Great Depression, the worker has little choice but to submit. And
pretend to like it.
A medieval peasant had plenty of things to worry about, but
the year-round control of daily life was not one of them. Perelman points out that in pre-capitalist
societies, people toiled relatively few hours over the course of a year
compared to what Americans work now. They labored like dogs during the harvest,
but there was ample free time during the off-seasons. Holidays were abundant –
as many as 200 per year. It was Karl Marx, in his Theory of Alienation, who saw
that modern industrial production under capitalist conditions would rob workers
of control of their lives as they lost control of their work. Unlike the
blacksmith or the shoemaker who owned his shop, decided on his own working
conditions, shaped his product, and had a say in how his goods were bartered or
sold, the modern worker would have little autonomy. His relationships with the
people at work would become impersonal and hollow.
Clearly, the technological wonders of our capitalist system
have not released human beings from the burden of work. They have brought us
more work. They have not brought most of us more freedom, but less.
Naked domination was not always the law of the land. In the
early 1960s, when unions were stronger and the New Deal’s commitment to full
employment still meant something, a worker subjected to abuse could bargain
with his employer or simply walk. Not so today. The high unemployment sustained
by the Federal Reserve’s corporate-focused obsession with “fighting inflation”
(code for "keeping down wages") works out well for the
sado-capitalist. The unrelenting attack on government blocks large-scale public
works programs that might rebalance the scale by putting people back on the
job. The assault on collective bargaining robs the worker of any recourse to
unfair conditions. Meanwhile, the tsunami of money in politics drowns the
democratic system of rule by the people. And the redistribution of wealth
toward the top ensures that most of us are scrapping too hard for our daily
bread to fight for anything better. The corporate media cheer.
Turning the Tables
In the early '70s, the S&M counterculture scene followed
the rise of anti-authoritarian punk rock, providing a form of transgressive
release for people enduring too much control in their daily lives.
Bondage-influenced images hit the mainstream in 1980 — the year the
union-busting Ronald Reagan was elected president — in the form of a workplace
comedy, 9 to 5, which became one of the highest grossing comedies of all time.
9 to 5 struck a chord with millions of Americans toiling in dead-end jobs ruled
by authoritarian bosses. Audiences howled with joy to see three working women
act out their fantasies of revenge on a workplace tyrant by suspending him in
chains and shutting his mouth with a ball-gag.
More recently, the 2011 film Horrible Bosses follows the
plot of three friends who decide to murder their respective domineering,
abusive bosses. The film exceeded financial expectations, raking in over $28
million in the first three days. It went on to become the highest grossing
black comedy film of all time.
The fantasy of turning the tables on the boss speaks to the
deep-seated outrage that trickle-down policies and the war on workers has
wrought. People naturally want to work in a rational, healthy system that
offers them dignity and a chance to increase their standard of living and
develop their potential. When this doesn’t happen, the social and economic
losses are profound. Today’s workers are caught in Perelman’s “invisible
handcuffs” – both trapped and blinded by the extent to which capitalism
restricts their lives.
The market has become a monster, demanding that we fit its
constraints. As long as we ignore this, the strength of the U.S. economy will
continue to erode. Freedom and equality, those cornerstones of democracy, will
diminish. For now, many working people have unconsciously accepted the
conditions that exist as somehow natural, unaware of how the machine is
constructed and manipulated to favor elites. Fear and frustration can even make
us crave authority. We collaborate in our own oppression.
Just ask Anastasia Steele, whose slave contract spells out
her duties with business-like efficiency:
Does the submissive consent to:
-Bondage with rope
-Bondage with leather cuffs
-Bondage with handcuffs/shackles/manacles
-Bondage with tape
-Bondage with other
Yes! She consents. The hypnotic consumption Christian offers
in a world replete with fancy dinners and helicopter rides – goodies that will
be revoked if she fails to obey — overturns her natural desire for free will.
Once Anastasia has signed on the dotted line, her master rewards her with a
telling gift that is often the first “present” an office employee receives: “I
need to be able to contact you at all times…I figured you needed a BlackBerry.”
Her first note to him on her new gadget asks a question:
“Why do you do this?”
“I do this,” Christian answers, “because I can.”
Until we can link ourselves together to change this
oppressive system, the Christian Greys will remain fully in control.
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2012/07/fifty-shades-of-capitalism-pain-and-bondage-in-the-american-workplace.html